IIARD International Institute of Academic Research and Development

International Journal of Agriculture and Earth Science (IJAES )

E- ISSN 2489-0081
P- ISSN 2695-1894
VOL. 11 NO. 2 2025
DOI: 10.56201/ijaes.vol.11.no2.2025.pg83.93

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Alterations in the Enzyme Activities in the Plasma of Clarias gariepinus Exposed to Benzalkonium Chloride

Akinrotimi OA, Amachree, D, Okeke PA, Ohaturuonye SO, AyaobuCookey, IK, Orokotan OO, Nwosu PO, and Ojionyeahi B, C

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Abstract

This study was carried out to assess the effects of Benzalkonium chloride on the plasma enzymes in juveniles of Clarias gariepinus. One hundred and fifty (150) Clarias gariepinus of mean length 11.74±2.64cm and mean weight 256.68±1.81g were exposed to the chemical at 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20mg/L for 96 hours. During the experimental period, physico-chemical parameters of water in the exposure tanks were evaluated. At the end of the experiment, blood was taken from the exposed fish and analyzed for changes in its enzymes profiles. Blood was extracted from the fish at 0hr, 24hrs, 48hrs, 72hrs, and 96hrs, in a static non-renewal water system. The collected blood samples were stored in heparinized bottles for enzymes analysis. The plasma was assayed for liver enzymes such as aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), acid phosphate (ACP), alkaline phosphate (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the exposed fish. The data obtained from the study was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA).The results revealed a significant reduction (P<0.05) in the values of dissolved oxygen from 6.68?0.77 in the control to 4.99?0.54 at 0.20mg/L concentration of the chemical. Also, significant (P<0.05) increase with increasing concentrations of the chemical were however recorded in the values of nitrite and ammonia. While other parameters such as temperature and pH were within the same range in all concentrations of the chemical. Also, the values of all the enzymes in the exposed fish were significantly elevated (P<0.05) when compared to the control. Changes in enzymes response were concentration dependent (p<0.05), with increased concentration of Benzakonium chloride. The chemical caused some alterations in the enzymes composition of C,gariepinus, which was more pronounced at higher concentrations of 0.15 and 0.20mg/L. Based on the results of this study, the disinfectants can be applied at 0.05mg/L in the culture medi

keywords:

Enzymes, Fish, Disinfectants, Toxicology. Aquatic pollution

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