IIARD International Institute of Academic Research and Development

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL EVALUATION AND PHYSICAL REPORT (IJMEPR )

E-ISSN 2579-0498
P-ISSN 2695-2181
VOL. 9 NO. 1 2025
DOI: 10.56201/ijmepr.v9.no1.2025.pg

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Effects of Vitamin B12 Supplementation on some hematological parameters in Patients with Anemia due to B12 deficiency

Zainab Wahab Al-Maaroof

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Abstract

Background: Anemia is a widespread hematological disorder characterized by reduced red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin concentration, or both. Among its various etiologies, vitamin B12 deficiency plays a significant role, especially in populations with dietary restrictions or malabsorption syndromes. This study evaluates the effects of vitamin B12 supplementation on RBC count and other hematological parameters in patients diagnosed with anemia due to confirmed B12 deficiency. Methods: A prospective cohort of 200 patients was analyzed over 18 months, with RBC counts and hemoglobin levels measured at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks post-supplementation of intramuscular injections hydroxycobalamin, 1000 ?g. Results: The mean age was 45.3 ± 12.4 years, with a female predominance (69%), at baseline, the mean RBC count was 3.1 ± 0.5 × 10/L, which rose significantly to 3.8 ± 0.4 × 10/L at 6 weeks and 4.5 ± 0.3 × 10/L at 12 weeks (p < 0.001). Hemoglobin levels increased from 9.2 ± 1.8 g/dL to 11.5 ± 1.2 g/dL at 6 weeks and 13.0 ± 1.0 g/dL at 12 weeks (p < 0.001). Mean corpuscular volume was 108.6 ± 6.8 fL at baseline, normalized to 101.6 ± 5.9 fL at 6 weeks and 95.4 ± 5.3 fL by 12 weeks (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Vitamin B12 supplementation is a cornerstone in managing anemia due to B12 deficiency. Prompt diagnosis and treatment significantly improve RBC count, hemoglobin levels, and patient-reported outcomes.

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