IIARD International Institute of Academic Research and Development

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND MANAGEMENT RESEARCH (IJSSMR )

E-ISSN 2545-5303
P-ISSN 2695-2203
VOL. 10 NO. 5 2024
DOI: 10.56201/ijssmr.v10.no5.2024.pg229.247

---

The Influence of Poverty on Almajiri Institution and Security Challenges: Study in Yobe State, Nigeria

Dr. Bukar Jamri

---

Abstract

Poverty is a multidimensional concept. Depending on the level and dimension of an individual’s or group’s deprivation, the menace can be measured in absolute or relative, temporary or permanent, as well as in subjective or objective terms; as well as an economic, political, social and psychological problem. Poverty has many consequences, and almajiranci, is one of the latent and alarming in Nigeria, especially in the northern part of the country. Almajirci itself is leading to various socio-economic and political problems. Yobe State is one of the northeastern states affected by security challenges associated with Boko Haram and the insurgent group is associated with almajirci. This is why the present study is designed to investigate how poverty influences almajirci and security challenges in Yobe State, Nigeria. The study is anchored on the theory of “poverty as a positive feedback system” otherwise known as the “Vicious circle theory of poverty” will be adopted. Methodologically, the research is descriptive because describes the influence of poverty on almajiri and security challenges in Yobe State. The target population of the study is the male and female residents, almajiris, their mallams, their parents, and political and community leaders in the study area. A total of 411 sample sizes were selected using multi-stage and purposive sampling techniques. Two instruments of data collection are proposed for the study. They are a questionnaire guide and an interview schedule. The method of data analysis was mixed. The study finds that the cases of almajirci in Yobe State are very high and the rate of poverty in the State is very high, too. The lower class people have more tendency to send their children to almajirci, which established the relationship between poverty and almajirci. On the nexus between almajirci and security challenges, the study finds that almajiris are seeing society as merciless, hence they are aggressive to

keywords:

Almajirci; Poverty; Security challenges; Yobe State

---

References:

Abdulkadir, M. J. & Idriss, I. D. (2021). Almajiri/Tsangaya and Allo School System; Its Impacts

and Contribution in Sustainable Developmant of our Modern Society. African Scholar

Journal of African Sustainable Development (JASD-2), 20 (2): 114-124

Abuh, A. (2015). “Nigeria: Putting an end to Almajiri abuses, exploitation”. AllAfrica

http://allafrica.com/stories/201511050789.html (Accessed on: 02/03/2023).

Aghedo, I & Eke, S. J. (2013). From Alms to Arms: The Almajiri Phenomenon and Internal

Security in Northern Nigeria. The Korean Journal of Policy Studies, Vol. 28 (3): 97-123.

Ajegbu, O. O. (2012). Rising Youth Umeployment and violent Crime in Nigeria. American

Journal of Social Issues and Humanities, 2 (5): 315-221.

Akinbi, J. O. (2015). Examining the Boko Haram insurgency in northern Nigeria and the quest

for a permanent resolution of the crisis. Global Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social

Sciences, 3 (8): 32-45.
Asuquo, M. E. (2009). The Upsurge of Kidnapping and Its Influence on Public Order in Akwa
Ibom State. Unpublished Term Paper, Department of Sociology/Anthropology, University
of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State- Nigeria.
Chidi, N. J. (2014). Kidnapping in Nigeria: An emerging social crime and the implications for the
labour market, International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, Vol. 4. N0.1. 133-
Daily Post (August, 2016). “Why there are more almajiri in Kano than other states”.

http://dailypost.ng/2016/08/05/almajiri-kano-states-governor-ganduje/
(Accessed
on:

01/03/2023).
Fage, K.S. & Alabi, D.O. (2017) Nigerian government and politics. Abuja. Basfa Global Concept
Ltd.
Ibrahim, B., & Mukhtar, J. I. (2017). An analysis of the causes and consequences of kidnapping

in Nigeria. African Research Review, 11(4), 134-143.

Haralambos, M.H. & Heald, R.M. (2006). Sociology: Themes and Perspectives. Cambridge:

Oxford University
Press.

Kurawa, I. A. (2003). “Ci Rani, Almajiranci and Security in Kano”. In A.U. Adamu (ed.)

Chieftaincy
and Security in Nigeria: Past,
Present, and Future. A Proceedings
of the National Conference on Chieftaincy and Security in Nigeria. Organised by the Kano

State Emirate Council
(October, 2003).Pp.305-325.

Mukhtar, J. I., Isyaku, S. M., & Sani, I. (2016). Poverty, unemployment, and the challenges of

security in Nigeria-The nexus. Journal of Political Inquiry, 2 (2): 236-244.

NaijaInforman (2012). “History of Almajiri Educational System”. Retrieved from:

www.naijainforman.wordpress.com

Ndem, B. N, Micheal, B. & Awa, O. C. (2012). Child labor in Nigeria and its
economic

implications: A case study of Calabar Municipality. Research on Humanities
and

Social Sciences. 2 (9): 149-159.

Okoronkwo, C. (2017). “Nigerian government, States move to get 9 million alamjiris off the

streets”.
Premium
Times
(March
18,
2014).
Retrieved
from:

http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/156973-
nigeria-government-states-move-get-
9-
million-almajiris-streets-chijioke-okoronkwo.html (Accessed on: 01/03/2023).

Osumah, O. (2013). Boko Haram Insurgency in Northern Nigeria and the Vicious Circles of

Insecurity. Small Wars and Insurgencies. 24 (3): 536-560.

Saleh, M. (2016). Sociological Study of ‘Yan sara suka (youth gang) in Bauchi Metropolis.

Unpublished Msc Thesis, Department of Sociology, Bayero University, Kano.

Umenne, C. S. (2010). ‘We Are Grooming Almajiris as Future Terrorists if We Don’t Control

Them Now’. The Guardian, Saturday, 24 April 2010, 22.

UNICEF (2022). Situation Analysis of Children in Nigeria. Federal Republic of Nigeria, 2022

US Department of Labor Affairs (2007). U.S. Department of Labor’s 2006
Findings
on

Worst Forms of
Child
Labor
Standards
Act.
Retrieved
from:

http://www.dol.gov/ilab/programs/ocft/PDF/2006OCFTreport.pdf (accessed
on 2rd

March 2023).

DOWNLOAD PDF

---

Back