IIARD International Institute of Academic Research and Development

RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PURE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (RJPST )

E-ISSN 2579-0536
P-ISSN 2695-2696
VOL. 7 NO. 5 2024
DOI: 10.56201/rjpst.v7.no5.2024.pg22.41

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Biochemical Parameters and Histomorphological Assessments of Hepato-Renal Organs in Norway Rats (Rattus norvegicus ) Exposed to Mosquito Coil Smoke

Egoro Emmanuel Tonbra, Ezeiruaku Ferdinand Chukwuma, George Gborienemi Simeon

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Abstract

Mosquitoes are vectors responsible for malaria thus many families have indulged in using mosquito coil in order to control its spread. This study was aimed on biochemical parameters and histomorphological assessments of hepato-renal organs in Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) exposed to mosquito coil smoke. Five milliliters of blood specimens were withdrawn from five groups consisting of five male rats per group with mean weight 0.103 ± 0.05 kg exposed to 15 mg concentration of mosquito coil smoke for 30, 60, 90 and 120 days (experimental groups) respectively with the exception of the control group. This was followed by the measurement of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine and urea using standard biochemical procedures. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for the statistical analysis. The results revealed significant mean values elevations of alanine aminotransferase (16.00 ± 1.58) IU/L, aspartate aminotransferase (15.20 ± 1.30) IU/L and alkaline phosphatase (37.60 ± 2.30) IU/L in rats exposed for 120 days as compared to control alanine aminotransferase (7.80 ± 1.30) IU/L, aspartate aminotransferase (6.40 ± 1.67) IU/L and alkaline phosphatase (19.00 ± 1.22) IU/L respectively while significant elevation of creatinine (132.00 ± 5.24) µmol/L and urea (13.20 ± 2.77) mmol/L were revealed in rats exposed for 90 days as well as creatinine (148.20 ± 11.67) µmol/L and urea (16.60 ± 2.70) mmol/L for 120 days as compared to control creatinine (62.40 ± 4.77) µmol/L and urea (4.20 ± 1.41) mmol/L respectively. These significant mean values were reflected in the histomorphological assessment of the liver and kidney of the respective rats. In conclusion, this study revealed elevated liver biomarkers in the rats exposed to this mosquito coil smoke for 120 days as well as elevated kidney biomarkers in the rats exposed to smoke generated from this mosquito coil

keywords:

Biochemical parameters, Histomorphological assessments, Hepato-renal organs, Norway rats, Mosquito coil smoke

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