IIARD International Institute of Academic Research and Development

International Journal of Engineering and Modern Technology (IJEMT )

E-ISSN 2504-8848
P-ISSN 2695-2149
VOL. 10 NO. 6 2024
DOI: 10.56201/ijemt.v10.no6.2024.pg75.88

---

Application of the Principles of Biostratigraphy and Sequence Stratigraphy at Analysing Petroleum Potential of Field ‘Y’ in the Niger Delta

Onwusi Chinelo, Azubuike-Ijomah Kelechi, Chukwujekwu Michael

---

Abstract

The presence of Bolivina 46 was indicative of Pliocene age, however using the diagnostic forams (Amphistegina) present and the Fzone in addition the age could be rightly said to be extending from late pliocene to late miocene in age. The well is said to penetrate Benin formation consisting of continental sandstone with fluvial channels, marsh/swamps in an upper delta plain environment and part of the Agbada formation consisting of transitional sandstone and shale The well penetrated the F9700 to F9900 foraminiferal zone and P800-P900 pollen zone as would also be confirmed on the Niger Delta Chronostratigraphic chart. It can also be inferred that the penetration was restricted to the offshore depobelt. Three maximum flooding surfaces (depths of 2400ft-2500ft @3.4 million years-late pliocene, 3600ft-3650ft @ 3.9 million years-early pliocene and 8500ft-8550ft @6.0 million years -late miocene, respectively) and three sequence boundaries (depths of 3300ft-3400ft @3.7 million years-early pliocene, 4950ft-5000ft @ 4.1 million years- early pliocene and 7550ft @5.6 million years-late miocene, respectively) were identified using foram abundance and diversity plots. Ten sand bodies were identified at different depth intervals and hydrocarbon was identified at the following depths;4480ft to 4570ft (oil),4880ft to 4940ft (oil and gas) and 6560ft to 6640ft (gas). The identified petroleum bearing sands were seen to occur at the highstand system tracts, lying above transgressive system tracts, which are the source rocks. The alternation of highstand systems tract and transgressive systems tract sands and shales respectively seen in the studied well, provides a union of reservoir and seal rocks that is essential for hydrocarbon accumulation and stratigraphic trapping. The interpreted depositional environment of field ‘Y’ is of deltaic System of non-marine neritic bathyal paleobathymetry.

---

References:

Allen, J.R.L., 1965. Late Quaternary Niger Delta, and adjacent areas: Sedimentary
Environments and Lithofacies, AAPG Bulletin.

Anderson, R.S., 1985. Erosion profiles due to baselevel lowering, Journal of
Geophysical Research.

Berggren, W.A., 1995. A revised Cenozoic geochronology and chronostratigraphy,
Society for Sedimentary Geology.

Brown, A.R., 2011. Interpretation of Three-Dimensional Seismic Data, AAPG Memoir

Catuneanu, O., 2006. Principles of Sequence Stratigraphy, Elsevier.

Cross, T.A., 1988. Controls on coal distribution in Cretaceous sequences of the Western
Interior, Geological Society of America Special Paper.

Doust, H., Omatsola, E., 1990. Niger Delta, in Edwards, J.D., and Santogrossi, P.A.,
eds., Divergent/Passive Margin Basins, AAPG Memoir 48.

Ekweozor, C.M., Daukoru, E.M., 1994. Northern delta depobelt portion of the Akata-
Agbada (1) petroleum system, Niger Delta, Nigeria, in Magoon, L.B., and Dow, W.G.,
eds., The Petroleum System—From Source to Trap, AAPG Memoir 60.

Evamy, B.D., Haremboure, J., Kamerling, P., Knaap, W.A., Molloy, F.A., Rowlands, P.H.,
Hydrocarbon habitat of tertiary Niger Delta, AAPG Bulletin.

Fischer, A.G., 1974. The Cretaceous-Eocene Oceanographic Event, Geological Society
of America Special Paper.

Gradstein, F.M., Ogg, J.G., Schmitz, M.D., Ogg, G.M., 2020. Geologic Time Scale
2020, Elsevier.

Harland, W.B., 1990. The Geologic Time Scale, Cambridge University Press.

Haq, B.U., Hardenbol, J., Vail, P.R., 1987. Chronology of fluctuating sea levels since the
Triassic, Science.

Johnson, H.D., 2001. Sequence stratigraphy and sedimentology of the Upper Jurassic
Humber Group, UK, Journal of the Geological Society.

Klett, T.R., Ahlbrandt, T.S., Schmoker, J.W., Dolton, G.L., 1997. Ranking of the world’s
oil and gas provinces by known petroleum volumes, USGS Open-File Report.

Loutit, T.S., Hardenbol, J., Vail, P.R., Baum, G.R., 1988. Condensed sections: The key
to age determination and correlation of continental margin sequences, SEPM Special
Publication 42.

Miall, A.D., 1996. The Geology of Fluvial Deposits, Springer.

Mitchum, R.M., Vail, P.R., Thompson, S., 1977. Seismic stratigraphy and global changes
of sea level, Part 2: The depositional sequence as a basic unit for stratigraphic analysis,
AAPG Memoir 26.

North, F.K., 1985. Petroleum Geology, Allen & Unwin.

Ogg, J.G., Ogg, G., Gradstein, F.M., 2016. A Concise Geologic Time Scale: 2016,
Elsevier.

Posamentier, H.W., Allen, G.P., 1999. Siliciclastic Sequence Stratigraphy: Concepts and
Applications, SEPM Special Publication 60.

Posamentier, H.W., Vail, P.R., 1988. Eustatic controls on clastic deposition II – sequence
and systems tract models, SEPM Special Publication 42.

Reading, H.G., 1996. Sedimentary Environments: Processes, Facies, and Stratigraphy,
Blackwell Science.

Reineck, H.E., Singh, I.B., 1980. Depositional Sedimentary Environments, Springer-
Verlag.

Sampson, R.J., 1975. Geology of Oil and Gas Fields, Prentice-Hall.

Schlager, W., 1992. Sedimentology and Sequence Stratigraphy of Reefs and Carbonate
Platforms, AAPG Memoir 55.

Short, K.C., Stauble, A.J., 1967. Outline of geology of Niger Delta, AAPG Bulletin.

Slatt, R.M., 2006. Stratigraphic Reservoir Characterization for Petroleum Geologists,
Geophysicists, and Engineers, Elsevier.

Tuttle, M.L., Charpentier, R.R., Brownfield, M.E., 1999. The Niger Delta petroleum
system: Niger Delta Province, Nigeria, Cameroon, and Equatorial Guinea, Africa, USGS
Open-File Report 99-50-H.

Van Wagoner, J.C., Mitchum, R.M., Campion, K.M., Rahmanian, V.D., 1990.
Siliciclastic Sequence Stratigraphy in Well Logs, Cores, and Outcrops, AAPG Methods
in Exploration Series 7.

Walker, R.G., 1984. Facies Models, Geological Association of Canada.

DOWNLOAD PDF

---

Back