IIARD International Institute of Academic Research and Development

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH (IJHPR )

E-ISSN 2545-5737
P-ISSN 2695-2165
VOL. 9 NO. 3 2024
DOI: doi.org/10.56201/ijhpr.v9.no3.2024.pg99.108

---

Antibacterial Activity and Phytochemical Screening of Psidium guajava L. (GUAVA) Leaf Against Escherichia coli Isolated from Stool Samples of Children Attending Specialist Hospital, Gusau

Aminu A, Ishaq SA, Gambo S, Bashir M.B, Mohammed N

---

Abstract

Guava (Psidium guajava) leaf is commonly used as a medicine against gastroenteritis and child diarrhea by those who cannot afford or do not have access to antibiotics. This study was aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of Guava leaf (Psidium guajava) extracts on E. coli using agar well diffusion method. Two different extracts were obtained from the guava leaf (aqueous-soluble and ethyl acetate soluble extracts). Psidium guajava leaves were extracted with water and ethyl acetate using maceration extraction method. Phytochemical screening of the Psidium guajava leaf extracts was carried out using standard methods. Agar well diffusion and agar dilution methods were employed to determine the zone of inhibition, minimum inhibitory concentration, and minimum bactericidal concentration. The antibacterial test results showed that the Psidium guajava ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts have potential antimicrobial activity against Gramnegative bacteria. The Ethyl acetate extract showed the maximum zone of inhibition on test isolates (17mm at 100mg/ml) While the Aqueous extract showed the least inhibitory effect on test isolates (8mm at a concentration of 12.5mg/ml). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) showed that both E. coli isolates was sensitive to both Ethyl acetate and aqueous extract (at the lowest concentration of 12.5mg/ml). The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of aqueous extract was 100mg/ml for both the isolates and ethyl acetate extract for 50mg/ml for both the isolates, this result indicate that Guava leaf extracts have antibacterial activities against the test isolates, and the Ethyl acetate extract is more effective compared to the aqueous extract.

keywords:

Antibacterial activity, E coli, MIC, MBC

---

References:

Almodaifer, S., Alsibaie, N., Alhoumendan, G., Alammari, G., and Kavita, M. S. (2017). Role of
phytochemicals in health and nutrition. BAO Journal of Nutrition, 3(1), 28-34.

Abdullahi, R., and Hamza, A. B. (2020). Physiological roles of phenolic compounds isolated from
medicinal plants of tropical origin. International Journal of Science for Global
Sustainability, 6(4), 133-143.

Eze, U. N., and Maxwell, O. (2021). Anti-hyperglycemic effects of Psidium guajava LINN crude
leaf extracts and fractions in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Journal of Chemistry and
Nutritional Biochemistry, 2(2), 1-27.

DOWNLOAD PDF

---

Back