IIARD International Institute of Academic Research and Development

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL PROCESSES (IJCCP )

E-I SSN 2545-5265
P- ISSN 2695-1916
VOL. 10 NO. 4 2024
DOI: 10.56201/ijccp.v10.no4.2024.pg12.20

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Bio-Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Seafood from the Kaani River in the Ogoni Axis, Rivers State, Nigeria.

Anate, S. Ganiyu ; Edori, O. Simeon ; Kpee, Friday ; Momta, P. NukebaBari

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Abstract

This work describes the bioaccumulation of heavy metals (Mn, Cr, Cu, Cd, Ni, Zn, Fe, As, and Pb) in seafood from the Kaani River in the Ogoni axis of Rivers State, Nigeria. The seafood examined were; shrimps, tilapia, mudskippers, and crabs. After a preliminary treatment and digestion with a combination of concentrated acids (HNO3, HCl, and H2SO4) mixed in a 5:3:2 ratio in a steam bath. The trace metals in the sediments and seafood were examined separately. An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) was used to first measure the contaminants' concentrations in the matrix and seafood samples. Based on dry weight, the results ranged from 0.0037 to 0.0291 for Mn, NA to 1.0581 for Cd, 0.0025 to 0.0257 for Cu, 0.0005 to 0.0188 for Cr, 0.0054 to 0.2299 for Pb, 0.5142 to 1.0791 for Fe, 0.0914 to 1.1283 for Zn, 0.0.0847 to 1.6644 for As, and 0.0312 to 0.4422mg/kg for Ni. The bioaccumulation factor was calculated using the ratio of the trace element concentration in the seafood to that in the matrix. The analytical results indicated that the concentrations of each of these trace elements varied. The findings demonstrated that, with the exception of mudskipper (1.6644) and crab (1.0957) in stations 3 and 4, which demonstrate bioaccumulation for arsenic (As), seafood from various stations [(station 1 (Maa di binnise Igbara waterside), station 2 (Mann Stream), station 3 (Woman Stream), and station 4 (Nwii ke ma kor stream)] did not bio- accumulate any of the investigated trace metals. It was also discovered that the crab at station 4 bio-accumulated zinc (1.1283), iron (1.0791), and cadmium (Cd) (1.0581). When compared to the national and international needed targets, these findings clearly showed heavy metal accumulation in mudskipper and crab from various stations of the River, which indicated that ingestion of this particular creature signals a health threat. As a result, it is best to discourage the careless dumping of untreated gar

keywords:

Bioaccumulation, Contaminants, Matrix, Treatment, Seafood

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