IIARD International Institute of Academic Research and Development

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH (IJHPR )

E-ISSN 2545-5737
P-ISSN 2695-2165
VOL. 8 NO. 4 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.56201/ijhpr.v8.no4.2023.pg114.132

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Antimicrobial activity of Moringa oleifera, Croton zambesicus and Ocimum gratissimum Against Some Multidrug Resistant Bacterial Isolates

Fadipe D.O. Olajubu F.A, Ajayi A.O, Yakubu P. and Miteu G.D

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Abstract

An antimicrobial study of extract from Moringa oleifera, Croton zambesicus and Ocimum gratissimum was carried out against some selected multi-drug resistant isolates in vitro. Water, ethanol and n-hexane were employed as the solvents for extraction process at a ratio of 8g (macerated plants) to 100mL (solvents). Staphylococcus spp. Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella ornithinolytica, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter agglomerane, Budvicia aquatica, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella terrigena, Escherichia hermamii, Burkhoderia cepacian, Citrobacter gilleric, Acinetobacter haemolyticus, Budvicia aquatic, Pseudo fluorescens, Enterobacter gergoriac, and coagulase -ve Staphylococcus sp. were isolated from urine samples from patients at different general hospitals at Ondo State, Nigeria. Antibacterial activity was carried out using agar diffusion method while agar dilution method was employed for determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) on Mueller-Hinton agar. The antibacterial activity of water, ethanol and n hexane leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera, Croton zambesicus and Ocimum gratissimum at concentrations of 100 mg/ml were analyzed on the selected MDR bacteria using agar disc diffusion method. The drug of choice for all isolates was ciprofloxacin based on its wide range of effectiveness. Water and ethanol extract for Ocimum gratissimum was observed to be the most effective in inhibiting the growth of multidrug resistant bacteria. In this study, Ocimum gratissimum was active against a great number of MDR bacteria (with an average of 9mm). Croton zambesicus extracted from water and ethanol was also active against most MDR isolates with an average of 7.5mm. However, all extracts from Moringa oleifera showed the lowest or no inhibitory value. Moringa oleifera water extract was only sensitive to Klebsiella ornithinolytica

keywords:

Antimicrobial, Croton zambesicus, Medicinal plants, Moringa oleifera, Multidrug resistant bacteria, and Ocimum gratissimum

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References:

Le Jeune J.T.; Besser T.E.; Hancock D.D., Cattle water troughs as reservoirs of Escherichia coli
O157. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2001; 67.

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