IIARD International Institute of Academic Research and Development

International Journal of Engineering and Modern Technology (IJEMT )

E-ISSN 2504-8848
P-ISSN 2695-2149
VOL. 9 NO. 1 2023

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Analysis of Earth Pressures and Stability of Retaining Walls; Review of Principles and Practices in Engineering Construction

O. Ajayi , O.C. Okeke , , S.I. Okonkwo , V.I. Fagorite and C.C. Amadi

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Abstract

Structures called retaining walls are employed to sustain soil slopes that are vertical or nearly vertical. Lateral earth pressures are the horizontal strains brought on by the soils on the walls. These barriers routinely collapse, creating a serious environmental risk and worrying building engineers. A geotechnical engineer must determine the magnitude of the lateral earth pressures, which depend on the unit weight, angle of friction, and cohesiveness of the soil contained behind the wall. It is expected that the soil behind the wall (known as the backfill soil) is close to failing and satisfies some failure criterion, such as the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion, in order to accurately quantify the magnitude of this lateral earth pressure.The kind and quantity of wall movement, the backfill type, the backfill soil's effective unit weight, and the location of groundwater all have an impact on lateral earth pressure, drainage conditions in the backfill, ground surcharge, and the application of surcharge. At rest, active, and passive are the three main types of Earth pressure. Retaining walls must remain stable throughout construction since they are susceptible to falling over at their feet, sliding along their bases, and failing because the soil supporting the foundation isn't strong enough to hold them. Earth pressure sensors, laser-based displacement transducers, slope inclinometers, and earth pressure sensors are widely used to monitor failure in pre-installed retaining walls. Potentiometers and strain gauges make it easy to find geo-foam deformation in small scale models.

keywords:

Earth pressure, retaining walls, and environmental risk

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References:

Abood, T., Eldawi, E. Y., & Abdulrahim, F. R. E. (2015). Design of Cantilever Retaining Wall
with 4m Height. International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research.
ISSN, 2348-7607.

Ahmadabadi, M., & Ghanbari, A. (2009). New procedure for active earth pressure calculation in
retaining walls with reinforced cohesive-frictional backfill. Geotextiles and
Geomembranes, 27(6), 456-463.

Basheer, I. A., & Najjar, Y. M. (1996). Reliability-based design of reinforced earth retaining
walls. Transportation Research Record, 1526(1), 64-78.

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